BATTLES
& WAR SPECIAL - II
(5) CHAPTER. Employing laborers for
services in Ghazawa battles;
Bukhari Volume 3, Book 37, Number
2265:
Narrated Ya'la bin Umaiyy
I fought in Jaisji-al- 'Usra (Ghazwa of Tabuk) along with the Prophet(s) and in my opinion that was the best of my deeds. At that time I had an employee who quarrelled with someone, and one of them bit and cut the other's finger and caused his own tooth to fall out. He, then, went to the Prophet (s) (with a complaint) but the Prophet (s) cancelled the suit and said to the complainant, "Did you expect him to let his finger in your mouth so that you might snap and cut it as does a stallion camel?"
(2) Poetry humiliating enemy
NOTE: Prophet (s) carful for not wrongly blaming anyone
Bukhari Volume 5, Book 64, Number 4123-4124:
Narrated Al-Bara:
The Prophet (s) said to Hassaan,
"humiliate them (with your poems), and Gabriel is with you (i.e. supports
you)." (Through another group of sub narrators) Al-Bara bin Azib said,
"On the day of Quraiza's (besiege), Allah's Apostle (s) said to Hassaan
bin Thabit, 'humiliate them (with your poems), and Gabriel is with you (i.e.
supports you).' "
Bukhari
Volume 5, Book 64, Number 4145:
Narrated Hisham's father:
I started abusing Hassaan in front
of 'Aisha. She said, "Do not abuse him as he used to defend Allah's
Apostle (s) [against the infidels] 'Aisha added,
"Once Hassaan took the permission from the Prophet (s)
to
say poetic verses against the infidels. On that the Prophet
(s) said,
'How will you exclude my forefathers (from that)? Hassaan replied, 'I will take
you out of them as one takes a hair out of the dough."
Hisham's father added, "I abused Hassaan as he was one of those who spoke
against 'Aisha."
(3) Ruin of Chosroes (Khosrow) & Caesar
(157) CHAFFER. War is deceit.
Bukhari Volume 4,
Book 56, Number 3027:
Narrated Abu Huraira:
The Prophet (s) said, "Khosrow
will be ruined, and there will be no Khosrau after him, and Caesar will surely
be ruined and there will be no Caesar after him, and you will spend their
treasures in Allah's Cause."
Bukhari
Volume 4, Book 56, Number 3030:
Narrated Jabir bin 'Abdullah:
The
Prophet (s) said, "War is deceit.”
(4) Qurra Huffaz of Quran martyred – Qunut for 1 month
Bukhari
Volume 8, Book 80, Number 6394:
Narrated Anas:
The Prophet (s) sent a Sariya (an
army detachment) consisting of men called Al-Qurra', and all of them were
martyred. I had never seen the Prophet (s) so sad over anything as he was over
them. So he said Qunut (invocation in the prayer) for one month in the Fajar
prayer, invoking for Allah's wrath upon the tribe of 'Usaiya, and he used to
say, "The people of 'Usaiya have disobeyed Allah and His
Apostle."
(5) Prophet (s) Praised Reconnoiterer
(40) CHAPTER. The superiority of the reconnoiterer
Bukhari
Volume 4, Book 56, Number 2846: [7261 Volume 9]
Narrated Jabir:
The Prophet (s) said, "Who will
bring me the information about the enemy on the day (of the battle) of Al-Ahzab
(i.e. Clans)?" Az-Zubair said, "I will." The Prophet (s) said
again, "Who will bring me the information about the enemy?" Az-Zubair
said again, "I will." The Prophet (s) said, "Every prophet had a
disciple and my disciple is Az-Zubair.” (2997, 3720)
Bukhari
Volume 5, Book 62, Number 3719:
Narrated Jabir:
The Prophet (s) said, "Every prophet used to
have a Hawari (i.e. disciple), and my Hawari is Az-Zubair bin
Al-'Awwam."
(6) Spy Punishment
(173) CHAPTER: If an infidel warrior comes in an Islamic territory without having the assurance of protection (is it permissible to kill him?)
Bukhari
Volume 4, Book 56, Number 3051:
Narrated Salama bin Al-Akwa:
"An infidel spy came to the
Prophet (s) while he was on a journey. The spy sat with the companions of the
Prophet (s) and started talking and then went away. The Prophet (s) said (to
his companions), 'Chase and kill him.' So, I killed him." The Prophet (s)
then gave him the belongings of the killed spy (in addition to his share of the
war booty).
(7) Spying – Letter sent to Makah
NOTE: Letter sent by "Hatib" a companion to Makkah informing about intentions of the Prophet (s) Caught but forgiven being a companion in Battle of Badar
(1) CHAPTER. “(0’ you who believe) take not My enemies and your enemies (i.e. disbelievers and polytheists) as friends...” (60:1)
Bukhari Volume 6, Book 65, Number
4890: [6259
Volume 8, No 6939 Volume 9]
Narrated
Ali:
Allah's
Apostle (s) sent me along with AzZubair and Al-Miqdad and said, "Proceed
till you reach a place called Raudat-Khakh where there is a lady travelling in
a howda on a camel. She has a letter. Take the letter from her." So we set
out, and our horses ran at full pace till we reached Raudat Khakh, and behold,
we saw the lady and said (to her), "Take out the letter!" She said,
"I have no letter with me." We said, "Either you take out the
letter or we will strip you of your clothes." So she took the letter out
of her hair braid. We brought the letter to the Prophet (s) and behold, it was
addressed by Hatib bin Abi Balta'a to some pagans at Mecca, informing them of
some of the affairs of the Prophet (s). The Prophet (s) said, "What is
this, O Hatib?" Hatib replied, "Do not be hasty with me, O Allah's Apostle!
I am an Ansari man and do not belong to them (Quraish infidels) while the
emigrants who were with you had their relatives who used to protect their
families and properties at Mecca, so, to compensate for not having blood
relation with them.' I intended to do them some favor so that they might
protect my relatives (at Mecca), and I did not do this out of disbelief or an
inclination to desert my religion." The Prophet (s) then said (to his
companions), "He (Hatib) has told you the truth." 'Umar said, "O Allah's Apostle (s)! Allow me to chop his head off?" The Apostle (s)
said, "He is one of those who witnessed (fought
in) the Battle of Badr, and what do you know, perhaps Allah looked upon the
people of Badr (Badr warriors) and said, 'Do what you want as I have forgiven
you.' "(Amr, a sub-narrator, said,: This Verse was revealed about
him (Hatib):
'O you who believe; take
not My enemies and your enemies as friends or protectors.' (60.1)
Narrated
'Ali: Sufyan was asked whether (the Ayah): 'Take not My enemies and your
enemies...' was revealed in connection with Hatib. Sufyan replied, "This
occurs only in the narration of the people. I memorized the Hadith from 'Amr,
not overlooking even a single letter thereof, and I do not know of anybody who
remembered it by heart other than me."
(141)
CHAPTER: The spy:
Spying means secret investigations. The Statement of Allah: "Take not My enemy and your enemy (i.e. disbelievers and polytheists, etc.) as friends..... (V.60:1)
Bukhari
Volume 4, Book 56, Number 3007: [4274]
Narrated 'Ubaidullah bin Abi Rafi:
I heard 'Ali saying, "Allah's
Apostle (s) sent me, Az-Zubair and Al-Miqdad somewhere saying, 'Proceed till
you reach Rawdat Khakh. There you will find a lady with a letter. Take the
letter from her.' "So, we set out and our horses ran at full pace till we
got at Ar-Rawda where we found the lady and said (to her). “Take out the
letter." She replied, "I have no letter with me." We said,
"Either you take out the letter or else we will take off your clothes."
So, she took it out of her braid. We brought the letter to Allah's Apostle and
it contained a statement from Hatib bin Abi Balta to some of the Meccan pagans
informing them of some of the intentions of Allah's Apostle. Then Allah's
Apostle (s) said, "O’ Hatib! What is this?" Hatib replied, "O
Allah's Apostle (s)! Don't hasten to give your judgment about me. I was a man
closely connected with the Quraish, but I did not belong to this tribe, while
the other emigrants with you, had their relatives in Mecca who would protect their
dependents and property. So, I wanted to recompense for my lacking blood
relation to them by doing them a favor so that they might protect my
dependents. I did this neither because of disbelief not apostasy nor out of
preferring Kufr (disbelief) to Islam." Allah's Apostle (s), said,
"Hatib has told you the truth." Umar said, O Allah's Apostle (s)!
Allow me to chop off the head of this hypocrite." Allah's Apostle (s)
said, "Hatib participated in the battle of Badar, and who knows, perhaps
Allah has already looked at the Badar warriors and said, 'Do whatever you like,
for I have forgiven you."
(8) War booty FAIY without a battle
(3) CHAFFER. The Statement of Allah "What Allah has bestowed on His Messenger (and taken away) from the people of the townships, - belongs to Allah, - to His Messenger and to kindred and orphans, the needy and the wayfarer; in order that it may not (merely) make a circuit between the wealthy among you. So take what the Messenger assigns to you, and deny yourselves that which he withholds from you. And fear Allah; for Allah is strict in Punishment. “(V.59:7)
Bukhari
Volume 6, Book 65, Number 4885:
Narrated Umar:
The properties of Bam An-Nadir were
among the booty that Allah gave to His Apostle (s) such Booty were not obtained
by any expedition on the part of Muslims, neither with cavalry, nor with
camelry (fighting through camels). So those properties were for Allah's Apostle
(s) only, and he used to provide thereof the yearly expenditure for his wives,
and dedicate the rest of its revenues for purchasing arms and horses as war
material to be used in Allah's Cause.
Bukhari Volume 5, Book 64, Number
4235:
Narrated 'Umar bin Al-Khattab:
By Him in Whose Hand my soul is,
were I not afraid that the other Muslims might be left in poverty, I would
divide (the land of) whatever village I may conquer (among the fighters), as
the Prophet divided the land of Khaibar. But I prefer to leave it as a (source of) a common
treasury for them to distribute its revenue amongst themselves.
Note 1: Umar Bin Khattab during his
reign solved a big question through “Ijtihad”,
in the light of Ayah 59:6-10, “And
those who came (into the faith) after them…”, “wa-alladhīna
And those who jāū
came min
baʿdihim after them and
Ayah 62:2-3 “As well as (to confer all these
benefits upon) others of them, who have not yet joined them: And He is exalted
in Might, Wise.” , waākharīna And others
min'hum among them lammā
who have not yet yalḥaqū bihim
Note
2: “Ijtihad” means a process of deliberations for reaching a solution
to a legal matter relating to a new situation. Umar also laid foundation for
Islamic legal thinking giving priority to wellbeing of humanity in a larger
spectrum by opening gates to an ever dynamic way of Islamic jurisprudence.
Unfortunately such dynamic principles were not fully utilized due to “Taqleed”,
“blind
following” a process negating the dynamic spirit of Quran and Sunnah,
ending in few schools of Jurisprudence like “Hanfi”,
“Maliki”, “Shafii” and “Hunmbaly”
besides “shiia” schools of legal
thought. Only a few dared to criticize this trend but faced huge oppositions
and appreciated by only a few select. These are scholars like Ibn Taymiyyah (January 22, 1263 -
September 26, 1328) Ibn Abd al-Wahhab
(1703 – 22 June 1792) and modern day scholar Dr. Muhammad Iqbal. (November 9,
1877 – April 21, 1938)
(9) Yamama Battle against false prophet
Musalema
(20)
CHAPTER. The Statement of Allah "Verily, there has come unto you a; Messenger
(Muhammad (s) from amongst yourselves (i.e., whom you know well). It grieves
him that you should receive any injury or difficulty..." (9:128)
Bukhari
Volume 6, Book 65, Number 4679:
Narrated Zaid bin Thabit Al-Ansari:
Who was one of those who used to
write the Divine Revelation: Abu Bakr sent for me after the (heavy) casualties
among the warriors (of the battle) of Yamama, where a great number of Qurra' Huffaz remembering Quran by heart were killed. 'Umar was present with Abu Bakr who said, 'Umar has come to me
and said, The people have suffered heavy casualties on the day of (the battle
of) Yamama, and I am afraid that there will be more casualties among the Qurra'
(those who know the Qur'an by heart) at other battle-fields, whereby a large
part of the Qur'an may be lost, unless you collect it. And I am of the opinion
that you should collect the Qur'an." Abu Bakr added, "I said to
'Umar, 'How can I do something which Allah's Apostle has not done?' 'Umar said
(to me), 'By Allah, it is (really) a good thing.' So 'Umar kept on pressing,
trying to persuade me to accept his proposal, till Allah opened my bosom for it
and I had the same opinion as 'Umar." (Zaid bin Thabit added) Umar was
sitting with him (Abu Bakr) and was quiet. "You are a wise young man and
we do not suspect you (of telling lies or of forgetfulness): and you used to
write the Divine Inspiration for Allah's Apostle. Therefore, look for the
Qur'an and collect it (in one manuscript). “By Allah, if he (Abu Bakr) had
ordered me to shift one of the mountains (from its place) it would not have
been harder for me than what he had ordered me concerning the collection of the
Qur'an. I said to both of them, "How dare you do a thing which the Prophet
(s) has not done?" Abu Bakr said, "By Allah, it is (really) a good
thing. So I kept on arguing with him about it till Allah opened my bosom for
that which He had opened the bosoms of Abu Bakr and Umar. So I started locating
Quranic material and collecting it from parchments, scapula, and leaf-stalks of
date palms and from the memories of men (who knew it by heart). I found with
Khuzaima two Ayah of Surat-at-Tauba which I had not found with anybody else,
(and they were):
"Verily there has come to you
an Apostle (Muhammad) from amongst yourselves. It grieves him that you should
receive any injury or difficulty He (Muhammad) is ardently anxious over you (to
be rightly guided)" (9.128)
The manuscript on which the Quran
was collected, remained with Abu Bakr till Allah took him unto Him, and then
with 'Umar till Allah took him unto Him, and finally it remained with Hafsa,
Umar's daughter.
Bukhari Volume 4, Book 56, Number
2807:
Narrated
Kharija bin Zaid:
Zaid
bin Thabit said, "When the Quran was collected from various written manuscripts, one
of the Ayah of Surat Al-Ahzab was missing which I used to hear Allah's Apostle
reciting. I could not find it except with Khuzaima bin Thabjt Al-Ansari, whose
witness Allah's Apostle regarded as equal to the witness of two men. And the
Verse was:-- "Among the believers are men who have been true to what they
covenanted with Allah." (33.23)
Note: Quran was put into a book
form in time of Abu Baker known as “Mushaf-e-Hafsa”. The compilation was done
by Prophet (s) in his life time from Surah “Fatiha to Nass”, under divine
guidance Quran is today and till that time it was preserved in the hearts of
many companions called Huffaz. Also see Hadis 3623, 3625, 3626 & 6286 and
Quranic Ayah quoted below Also worth noting that scribes of the Divine
Revelation exercised great care in ensuring accuracy while recording Quran
exactly as it was dictated by Prophet (s) in his life time
The Creator took responsibility for
accurate preservation of Quran, a reality accepted by scientists who don’t
even believe in it. Following link is showing unbiased views of an embryologist
which is an honest illustration of the reality of this statement.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=J_Dllu42eEA
Quran on the topic
It is (For sure) We Who have sent it down, and We Our self will
preserve it. (For sure) 6 (15:9)
(O Prophet) 11 do not move your tongue
to remember this Revelation hastily. It is for Us to have it remembered and
read. Therefore, when We are reciting it, 12 listen to its recital
carefully. Again, it is for Us to explain its meaning. 13 (75:16-19)
(39) CHAPTER. To apply Hanüt (i.e., a kind of scent) during the battle.
Volume
4, Book 56, Number 2845:
Narrated Ibn Aun:
Once Musa bin Anas while describing the battle of Yamama, said, "Anas bin Malik went to Thabit bin Qais, who had lifted his clothes from his thighs and was applying Hunut to his body. Anas asked, 'O Uncle! What is holding you back (from the battle)?' He replied, 'O my nephew! I am coming just now,' and went on perfuming himself with Hunut, then he came and sat (in the row). Anas then mentioned that the people fled from the battle-field. On that Thabit said, 'Clear the way for me to fight the enemy. We would never do so (i.e. flee) in the company of Allah's Apostle. How bad the habits you have acquired from your enemies!"
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